Carboxyfullerene as a Potential Treatment for Group A Streptococcus Infections

A research study published in Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy in 2005 by Tsao et al. explores the use of carboxyfullerene, a water-soluble fullerene derivative, to combat infections caused by Streptococcus pyogenes (Group A Streptococcus, or GAS). The study demonstrates that carboxyfullerene can protect against GAS infections, which can cause severe conditions like necrotizing fasciitis (“flesh-eating disease”) and toxic shock syndrome, both with high mortality rates.

In simple terms, GAS is a dangerous bacterium that can lead to serious skin and tissue infections. The researchers tested carboxyfullerene in mice using an air pouch model, where bacteria were introduced to mimic infection. When mice were pre-treated with carboxyfullerene, it significantly reduced death and skin damage, with higher doses offering better protection. Even when given 3 hours after infection, carboxyfullerene saved 33% of mice by helping immune cells (neutrophils) survive longer and kill bacteria more effectively. Additionally, carboxyfullerene directly stopped GAS growth in lab tests.

By enhancing the body’s defenses and directly fighting GAS, carboxyfullerene could offer a new way to treat severe streptococcal infections, potentially complementing existing treatments like antibiotics and surgery.

Link to research Study